Introduction
Biology: Branch of science in which living being are studied.
Bios = Life and Logos = Study. Therefore the study of life is called Biology. The term biology was first coined by Lamarck and Treviranus in the year 1801. Biology has two main branches:
1. Botany: study of different aspects of plants. Theophrastus is known as father of Botany. 2. Zoology: Study of various aspects of animals. Aristotle is called father of Zoology as well as Biology
Major Branches Of Science:

- Acoustics
The Study of sound and sound waves.
- Aerodynamics
The study of forces acting upon bodies in motion in the air (for example aircraft, missile, etc).
- Agrostology
The study of grasses.
- Aeronautics
Concerned with all activities of aerial locomotion (art of flying).
- Agronomy
The science of soil management and the production of field crops.
- Anatomy
The science of the structure of the animal/human body learnt by dissection.
- Arthrology
Study of joints.
- Apiculture
Rearing of honey bee for honey
- Anthropology
Study of origin, development, and relationship between the culture of past and present human.
- Anthology
Study of flowers and flowering plants.
- Angiology
Study of blood vascular system including arteries and veins.
- Andrology
Study of male reproductive organ.
- Bryology
Study of Bryophytes.
- Biometrics
Statical study of Biological problem.
- Biomedical Engineering
Production and designing of spare part for overcoming various defects in man. e.g. Artificial limbs, Iron lung, Pacemaker etc.
- Biotechnology
Technology concerned with living beings for wilful manipulation on molecular level.
- Bacteriology
Study of bacteria.
- Cytology
Study of cell.
- Cryobiology
It is the study of the effect of low temperature on organisms and their preservation.
- Clone
Clones are genetically identical individual in a population.
- Cardiology
Study of Herat.
- Demography
Study of population.
- Diffusion
Random movement of molecule / ion or gases from a region of higher concentration to lower concentration.
- Dermatology
Study of skin.
- Dendrochronology
Counting and analysing annual growth rings of tree to know its age.
- Ecology
Study of inter-relationship between living and their environment.
- Evolution
Study of origin of life, variation and formation of new species.
- Embryology
Study of fertilization of egg, formation of zygote and development of embryo.
- Eugenics
Study of factors connected with the improvement of human race.
- Euthenics
Study of environmental condition that contribute to the improvement of human beings.
- Euphenics
Treatment of defective in heredity through genetics engineering.
- Ethnology
Study of science dealing with different races of human.
- Ethology
Study of animal behaviour in their natured habitats.
- Etiology
Study of causative agent of disease.
- Entomology
Study of Insects.
- Exobiology
Study of possibility of life in space.
- Floriculture
Cultivation of plant for flower.
- Food Technology
Scientific processing, preservation, storage and transportation of food.
- Forensic Science
Application of science for identification of various facts of civilian.
- Fishery
Catching, breeding, rearing and marketing of fishes.
- Forestry
Development and management of forest.
- Fermentation
Process of incomplete oxidation that occurs in microbes and other cells in the absence o oxygen, leading to the formation of ethyl alcohol.
- Genetics
Study of variation and transmission of heredity character from parents to their young ones.
- Growth
Permanent increase in weight, volume and size of an organism.
- Genetic Engineering
Manipulation of gene in order to improve the organism.
- Gynecology
Study of female reproductive organ.
- Gerontology
Study of Ageing.
- Gastroenterology
Study of alimentary canal or stomach, intestine and their disease.
- Hypertonic
when two solutions have different state concentration. The sol at ion which have higher concentration is called hypertonic.
- Hypotonic
In two solution which has lower solute concentration is called hypotonic.
- Homeothermic
Animals who have constant body temperature are called Homeothermic or Warm blooded animals.
- Histology
study of tissue organisation and their internal structure with the help of microscope.
- Hygiene
Science taking care of health.
- Hydroponics
Study of growing plant without soil in water which contain nutrient.
- Haematology
Study of blood.
- Hepatology
Study of Liver.
- Ichthyology
Study of fishes.
- Immunology
Study of immune system or resistance of body to disease.
- Kalology
Study of human beauty.
- Metazoans
All multicellular animals are called Metazoans.
- Monoecious
Plant which have both male and female flower.
- Morphology
Study of external structure.
- Microbiology
Study of micro-organism like virus, bacteria, algae, fungi, and protozoa.
- Molecular Biology
Study of molecule found in the body of living organism.
- Medicine
Study of treating disease by drug.
- Mammography
Brach of science which deal test of breast cancer.
- Mycology
Study of Fungi.
- Nutrients
Chemical substance taken as food which are necessary for various function, growth and health of living.
- Neurology
Study of nervous system.
- Neonatology
Study of new born.
- Nephrology
Study of kidneys.
- Osmosis
Movement of water molecule across the semipermeable membrane from the region of its higher concentration to the region of lower communication.
- Odontology
Study of teeth and gum.
- Osteology
Study of bones.
- Oncology
Study of cancer and tumours.
- Obstetrics
Science related with care of pregnant woman before, during and after child birth.
- Ornitology
Study of Birds.
- Ophthalmology
Study of Eyes.
- Orthopaedics
Diagnosis and repair of disorder of locomotery system.
- Phytoplanlktons
Microscopic organism which passively float on the surface of water.
- Parasite
Organism which depends on other living organism for their food and shelter.
- Poikilothermic
Organism which change their body temperature according to surrounding. These are also called cold blooded animal.
- Pigment
A substance which absorb light of certain wavelength like Chlorophyll found in green leaves.
- Paleontology
Study of Fossils.
- Physiology
Study of function of various system of organism.
- Pathology
Study of diseases, effects, causable agents and transmission of pathogens.
- Pomology
Study of fruit and fruit yielding plant.
- Psychiatry
Treatment of mental disease.
- Psychology
Study of human mind and behavior.
- Pisciculture
Rearing of Fishes.
- Phycology
Study of Algae.
- Paediatrics
Brach of medicine dealing with children.
- Parasitology
Study of Parasite.
- Photobiology
Effect of light on various biological processes.
- Phylogeny
Evolutionary history of Organism.
- Physiotherapy
Treatment of body defects through massage and exercise.
- Radiology
science dealing with the effect of radiation on living beings.
- Rhinology
Study of nose and olfactory organs.
- Sonography
Study of ultrasound imaging.
- Saurology
Study of Lizards.
- Serology
Study of serum, interaction of antigen and antibodies in the blood.
- Sphygmology
Study of pulse and arterial pressure.
- Taxonomy
Study of classification, nomenclature and identification of organism.
- Telepathy
Communication of thoughts or ideas from one mind to another without normal use of sense. In other word this is the process of mental contact.
- Veterinary Science
Science of health care and treatment of domestic animals.